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Lightning has long been used as a dramatic device in popular fiction. In some tellings of the Frankenstein story, the monster is animated by a lightning strike. A non-nuclear EMP (NNEMP) device appeared as early as 1965, in the ''Thunderbirds'' TV puppet show. By the early 1980s, a number of articles on nuclear electromagnetic pulse (NEMP) in the popular press spread knowledge of the EMP phenomenon into the popular culture.〔Raloff, Janet. May 9, 1981. "EMP: A Sleeping Electronic Dragon." Science News. Vol. 119. Page 300〕〔Raloff, Janet. May 16, 1981. "EMP: Defensive Strategies." Science News. Vol. 119. Page 314.〕〔Broad, William J. 1983 January/February. "The Chaos Factor" Science 83. Pages 41-49.〕〔Burnham, David. June 28, 1983. "U.S. Fears One Bomb Could Cripple the Nation." New York Times. Page C1. ()〕 EMP has been subsequently used in a wide variety of fiction and other aspects of popular culture. Motion picture and electronic entertainment quite often depicts electromagnetic pulse effects incorrectly. This problem has become so bad that it was addressed in a report for Oak Ridge National Laboratory by Metatech Corporation.〔Report Meta-R-320: "(The Early-Time (E1) High-Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse (HEMP) and Its Impact on the U.S. Power Grid )" January 2010. Written by Metatech Corporation for Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Appendix: E1 HEMP Myths〕 (See the Nuclear electromagnetic pulse article for direct quotations from the Oak Ridge report.) In addition, the United States Air Force Space Command commissioned science educator Bill Nye to make a video for the Air Force called "Hollywood vs. EMP" so that people who must deal with real EMP would not be confused by motion picture fiction.〔(2009 Telly Award Winners, (Manitou Motion Picture Company, Ltd.) )〕 That U.S. Space Command video is not available to the general public. ==Television== In the 1965 episode "Terror in New York City", fourth in the first series of ''Thunderbirds'' TV shows, Scott Tracy flies Thunderbird 1 over a vehicle containing an illicit video tape of Thunderbird 2 and uses a non-nuclear EMP (NNEMP) device to wipe the tape. In the 1983 made-for-television motion picture, ''The Day After'', the fictional Soviet nuclear attack on civilian targets begins with a nuclear EMP attack in order to disable as much of the United States' retaliatory capability as possible. This scenario accurately conforms to the Cold War nuclear attack scenarios as understood by military officials and nuclear weapons designers (although post-Cold War scenarios are generally much different). Such a scenario is also presented in the programme ''Threads'', again dealing with a fictional Soviet nuclear attack on Britain.〔United States House of Representatives. House Armed Services Committee No. 106-31. Hearings held on 7 October 1999. ()〕 In the 1987 science fiction animated series ''Spiral Zone'' episode "Back to the Stone Age", Overlord and his Black Widows used an EMP device to disable the Zone Riders' advanced weapons. However, the Zone Riders are taught by Australian Aborigines how to fight using "primitive" weapons and soon defeat the Black Widows. An Electromagnetic pulse is used in the Macgyver season 1 episode "Easy Target" for use as a threat to demand release of a terrorrist leader. In the ''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine'' episode "Sacrifice of Angels", the Dominion use an EM pulse against Benjamin Sisko's fleet, disabling communication between the starships. The setting of the Fox television series ''Dark Angel'', produced by James Cameron and Charles H. Eglee, was in the United States after it has been devastated by a terrorist nuclear EMP attack on 1 June 2009. The setting of the ''Dark Angel'' series is in the period of 2019 to 2021, although the United States is still suffering from a deep economic depression caused by the EMP attack a decade earlier. Time periods in the television series are commonly referred to as either pre-pulse or post-pulse. Another Fox show, ''24'', has had EMP weapons featured or mentioned in numerous episodes. In episode number 6 of the 2006 CBS series, ''Jericho'', a missile launched by unknown agents from within the United States causes a high-altitude nuclear electromagnetic pulse. The episode was titled 9:02 after the time at which all electric clocks stopped running. The 2007 web series, Afterworld, the plot revolves around a regular EMP pulse that disables all AC electronics, although battery powered electronic devices still work. In Series 9 Episode 1 of the BBC television spy drama ''Spooks'', an EMP device hidden beneath the Houses of Parliament in London is used to disable two explosive-laden submersibles racing down the River Thames. In Series 6 Episode 1 a device described by character Adam Carter as an "EMP, HMP maybe" (25:26) is used to ambush a convoy transporting a prisoner. In the re-imagined miniseries of ''Battlestar Galactica'' a non-nuclear EMP device is used to fake the destruction of the passenger-liner ''Colonial One'' by both disabling the incoming missiles and producing an illusion of a nuclear explosion. It is hinted that such devices are standard-issue for Colonial Fleet capital ships, which is unsurprising, given the robotic nature of their Cylon enemies. Unrealistically, everyone on board the liner is knocked out by the pulse. ''Falling Skies'' is a DreamWorks Television series that premiered on Turner Network Television on 19 June 2011. The series was created by Robert Rodat and Steven Spielberg. In the science fiction series, alien invaders arrive and begin silently orbiting the Earth and hovering over major cities, refusing to respond to all attempts at communication. After the invading ships are in place, the aliens suddenly release a large electromagnetic pulse from their orbiting ships, which incapacitates all of the electrical and electronic technology of the advanced countries on the Earth, leaving the inhabitants of the Earth at the mercy of the invaders. In the ''Stargate SG-1'' universe, several instances of EMP were used in both the original series and the spinoff ''Stargate Atlantis''. For example, in the original series episode Urgo, it is used in an attempt to neutralize an alien artificial intelligence. In another SG-1 episode, an EMP generator is used, unsuccessfully, in an attempt to destroy an ancient superweapon. In the episode "A Matter of Time" a directed beam EMP unit was used to close a connection between the SG-1 stargate and one on a planet being pulled into a black hole. In the Stargate Atlantis series, a nuclear EMP was used to destroy an artificial nano-machine virus infecting the city. In the 2008 series ''Knight Rider'' the co-hero, a Ford Shelby GT500KR named KITT which is capable of driving itself, talking and firing all sorts of offensive and defensive weapons; has a small EMP device on board. The car is most often seen deploying this weapon to disable vehicles it and the shows hero, Michael Knight are pursuing. When the EMP is discharged, it is visualized by a distorted blue wave that expands outward from the hero car in a circle. The effect is a total electrical shutdown of the target vehicle, which is depicted by the car radio shutting off if in use, the gauge clusters all falling to zero, and the vehicle occupants cellphones also becomes inoperable. The target vehicle then (usually) coasts to a stop. In one episode, a continuity error shows up in the fact that after their vehicle has been EMP bombed by KITT, a two way walkie talkie held by one of the goons still appears to work. KITT is not affected in any way by his own EMP weapon. In ABC's Marvel: Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D, Season 1 Episode 21 "Ragtag," Agent Fitz uses an EMP to short out John Garret's circuit, therefore almost killing him. In the 2010 anime series High School of the Dead episode 12, in the confusion of a zombie apocalypse, Russia detonates a nuclear warhead over Japan causing an EMP. The 2014 anime series Terror in Resonance features a nuclear EMP that is detonated from high altitude that knocks out all of Japan's electronics for a year. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Electromagnetic pulse in fiction and popular culture」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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